Table 1 Muscle-specific expression of TEs. The classification of TE comes directly from the nomenclature of the cited reference. Note that all upregulated TEs in mouse myoblasts and satellite cells with knockdown/knockout of KAP1 or SETDB1 belong to the ERVK or ERV1 class

Human muscle

healthy

HERV-H (LTR)

[28]

Human muscle

healthy

ERVK(LTR) Alu, L2 (non-LTR)

[29]

Human muscle

healthy

Alu (non-LTR)

[30]

Human muscle

healthy

ERV3 (LTR)

[31]

Rat muscle

healthy

MER74A, MER73-int, HERVL40 (LTR), Arthur1 (DNA)

[32]

Mouse muscle

Bag3 heterozygote and Bag3 knockout

LINE.RTE (non-LTR)

[33]

C2C12 (mouse myoblast cell line)

KAP1 knockdown

MERVK10C-int (LTR)

[43]

C2C12 (mouse myoblast cell line)

SETDB1 knockdown

MERVK10C, IAP-d, IAPEz (LTR)

[43]

Mouse satellite cells

Setdb1 knockout 60 h post cardiotoxin injury

MMERVK10C-int, RLTR45, MMERVK10D3_1-int, ERVB4_2-1_MM-int,

IAPEz_int,

RLTR10D2, RLTR45-int, RLTR6-int, RLTR6C_Mm, MuLV-int (LTR)

[53]